How to differentiate:
Metal and Non-Metals
- In the Periodic Table, metals are found on the left, non-metals are found on the right.
- Refer to dividing line in Periodic Table.
Covalent and Ionic Compounds
- Basis: Electronegativity difference
Large | Ionic |
Small | Covalent |
- The following generalisation is applicable:
Metal + Non-Metal | Ionic |
Non-Metal + Non-Metal | Covalent |
Notable Exceptions:
- AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3
- BeX2
Simple and Giant Molecular Structures
- Memorise the common giant molecules (diamond, graphite, SiO2)
- Can safely regard the rest of the covalent compounds as having simple structures.